Salivary myoepithelium: distribution, structure, functions and pathologic proliferations.

Specimens from parotid salivary glands of full-grown elephant Loxodon­ to offlcana a (n =6) and saliva aspirated from their main excretory ducts were examined macroscopically and microscopically and analysed bloohemlcally. The composition of the saliva was compared to that of the blood. The parotids (n=12; x = 7,4 kg) are homocrlne and of a seromucous nature. Myoepithelial celfs are well-developed along Inter­ caloted ducts and their processes extend to proximal portions of allied acinI. The sativa is hypotonic and contains relatively low concentrations of sodium and glucose and high concentrations of potassium. urea. calcium and phosphorus. Absence of detectable levels of a-amylase negates a digestive role and the voluminous secrete evidently aids swallowing by molsturlslng and lubricating the large mass of Ingested leaves, grass and bark.